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Plasma electrolytic oxidation
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), also known as microarc oxidation (MAO), is an electrochemical surface treatment process for generating oxide coatings on metals. It is similar to anodizing, but it employs higher potentials, so that discharges occur and the resulting plasma modifies the structure of the oxide layer. This process can be used to grow thick (tens or hundreds of micrometers), largely crystalline, oxide coatings on metals such as aluminium, magnesium and titanium. Because they can present high hardness and a continuous barrier, these coatings can offer protection against wear, corrosion or heat as well as electrical insulation.
The coating is a chemical conversion of the substrate metal into its oxide, and grows both inwards and outwards from the original metal surface. Because it is a conversion coating, rather than a deposited coating (such as a coating formed by plasma spraying), it has excellent adhesion to the substrate metal. A wide range of substrate alloys can be coated, including all wrought aluminium alloys and most cast alloys, although high levels of silicon can reduce coating quality.
==Process==
Metals such as aluminium naturally form a passivating oxide layer which provides moderate protection against corrosion. The layer is strongly adherent to the metal surface, and it will regrow quickly if scratched off. In conventional anodizing, this layer of oxide is grown on the surface of the metal by the application of electrical potential, while the part is immersed in an acidic electrolyte.
In plasma electrolytic oxidation, higher potentials are applied. For example, in the plasma electrolytic oxidation of aluminium, at least 200 V must be applied. This locally exceeds the dielectric breakdown potential of the growing oxide film, and discharges occur. These discharges result in localised plasma reactions, with conditions of high temperature and pressure which modify the growing oxide. Processes include melting, melt-flow, re-solidification, sintering and densification of the growing oxide. One of the most significant effects, is that the oxide is partially converted from amorphous alumina into crystalline forms such as corundum (α-Al2O3) which is much harder.〔 As a result, mechanical properties such as wear resistance and toughness are enhanced.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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